Your complete transport guide for Japan, with routes, fares, and practical tips.
For more recommendations, see the full guide.
Tokyo serves as the central hub of Japan's Shinkansen network. Departing from Tokyo Station and Shinagawa Station, the Shinkansen connects Japan's major cities into an efficient and convenient transportation network, making it the preferred mode of travel for tourism and business in Japan. On this journey, I will take Tokyo as my starting point to introduce you to the charm of the Shinkansen.
The Shinkansen is the general term for Japan's high-speed rail system. The Tokaido Shinkansen, which opened in 1964, is the world's first high-speed rail system. From Tokyo, there are four main Shinkansen lines: the Tokaido-Sanyo Shinkansen connecting Osaka, Kyoto, and Hiroshima; the Tohoku Shinkansen heading to Sendai and Hokkaido; the Joetsu Shinkansen直达Niigata; and the Hokuriku Shinkansen leading to Nagano. These routes function like Japan's arteries, transporting millions of passengers daily.
The Shinkansen's defining feature is its remarkable punctuality—average delays are less than one minute—along with comfortable train design. Trains offer spacious seating, catering services, and even complimentary WiFi (on select trains), transforming long-distance travel into an enjoyment rather than a burden. Trains are divided into multiple classes: standard cars are most economical, while first-class cars provide more spacious seating and premium service.
Recommended Destinations
Osaka (Tokaido Shinkansen)
Departing from Tokyo Station, the Nozomi train takes approximately 2 hours and 15 minutes to reach Shin-Osaka Station (〒532-0011 Osaka Prefecture, Osaka City, Yodogawa-ku). Osaka is the commercial center of the Kansai region, preserving Osaka Castle from the Warring States period, the energetic Dotonbori food street, and modern commercial districts. Fares are approximately ¥13,320 (standard car).
Kyoto (Tokaido Shinkansen Transfer)
The Shinkansen arrives at Nagoya or directly at Kyoto Station (〒600-8065 Kyoto Prefecture, Kyoto City, Shimogyo-ku, Karakoji-dori Shijo-sagaru) in approximately 2 hours and 40 minutes, with fares of ¥13,870. Kyoto preserves the essence of Japanese traditional culture, with over 2,000 temples and shrines, traditional geisha culture, and seasonal scenery. Spring cherry blossoms and autumn maple leaves are the best viewing seasons.
Hiroshima (Sanyo Shinkansen)
From Tokyo via Shin-Osaka Station transfer on the Sanyo Shinkansen, approximately 4 hours to Hiroshima Station (〒732-0001 Hiroshima Prefecture, Hiroshima City, Minami-ku, Matsuyamachi). Hiroshima is famous for the Peace Memorial Park, offering an experience of Japan's modern history, while the surrounding area features beautiful coastal scenery and local specialty foods (such as Hiroshima okonomiyaki). Fares are approximately ¥18,560 (including transfers).
Sendai (Tohoku Shinkansen)
Departing from Tokyo Station, approximately 1 hour and 50 minutes to Sendai Station (〒983-0852 Miyagi Prefecture, Sendai City, Miyagino-ku,榴岡). Sendai is the largest city in the Tohoku region, famous for the spectacular Tanabata Festival (August), and nearby lies Matsushima Bay, one of Japan's Three Scenic Views. Fares are approximately ¥11,070.
Niigata (Joetsu Shinkansen)
Approximately 2 hours to Niigata Station (〒950-0088 Niigata Prefecture, Niigata City, Chuo-ku, 万代). Niigata is famous for sake brewing and rice culture, and in winter it is a ski resort along the Sea of Japan coast. Fares are approximately ¥11,230.
Practical Information
*Station Locations*
Tokyo has two main Shinkansen hubs: JR Tokyo Station (〒100-0005 Tokyo, Chiyoda-ku, Marunouchi) and Shinagawa Station (〒108-0075 Tokyo, Minato-ku, Konan 2-18-1). Shinagawa Station is closer to Haneda Airport, approximately 15 minutes by car, making it a convenient choice for international travelers.
*Tickets and Fees*
Shinkansen standard cars start from approximately ¥11,070, with first-class cars requiring an additional ¥5,000-¥6,000. International visitors can purchase JR Pass (Japan Rail Pass), 7 days ¥29,650, 14 days ¥46,390, 21 days ¥60,070, which is quite cost-effective if planning multiple Shinkansen rides. Tickets can be purchased at station ticketing counters, automatic ticket machines, or booked online.
*Timetables*
Major Shinkansen lines operate daily, with trains departing every 10-20 minutes during daytime hours. The Nozomi is the fastest train, followed by the Hikari, and the Kodama stops at more stations but has lower fares.
*Onboard Services*
Bento boxes, beverages, and desserts are available for purchase on board. Some trains have dining cars. Restrooms and water dispensers are available in all cars.
Travel Tips
Advance booking can secure 5-10% discounts. If you're not in a hurry to take the fastest train, choosing the Hikari or Kodama can save costs. Shinkansen has restrictions on large luggage—it is recommended to store oversized luggage at your destination hotel.
The Shinkansen network covers Japan's most prosperous areas, but if traveling to remote areas (such as deep mountains of Hokkaido or southern Kyushu), you will still need to配合local trains or buses. Check weather conditions before traveling to avoid delays caused by typhoon season (September-October).
Tokyo Shinkansen is not just a transportation tool, but the best way to experience the blend of Japan's modern civilization and traditional culture. Whether for business travelers or tourists, the efficient and comfortable service of the Shinkansen can make your trip to Japan more fulfilling and wonderful.
